President park geun-hye biography of albert einstein

If you tuned into Part One of our round-up of women in politics, you’ll have seen us highlight the fact that although it’s been sixty-one years since the UN Convention on the Political Rights of Women, came into effect, it remains the case that only 21.9% of national parliamentarians worldwide right now are female. Sure, it’s a vast improvement on figures in the very recent past, but it’s still less than half of what we need to be seeing. All the same, some countries are doing better than others – here’s the second half of our list of current (2015) female heads of state:

Brazil: Dilma Rousseff

The first Brazilian female president, socialist politician Rousseff has held office since 2011; formerly she was a member of various Marxist urban guerrilla groups that rebelled against Brazil’s military dictatorship that followed the 1964 coup d’état and lasted until 1985. Rousseff was jailed and allegedly tortured for two years. Though she’s not quite as radical now: a member of the centre-left Workers’ Party, she’s pro-life, against gay marriage (though in favour of same-sex civil unions) and is pretty gung-ho about privatization of industry. All the same, she’s in favour of social welfare schemes and the criminalization of homophobia.

Lithuania: Dalia Grybauskaite

Lithuania’s first female President, and the first to serve two (consecutive) terms, she was formerly the European Commissioner for Financial Programming and the Budget. Her presidential campaign wasn’t affiliated with a particular party, but she did get considerable backing from Homeland Union, the Lithuanian conservative party, and though she’s more or less centre-right in her policies, she does support LGBT rights. She’s perhaps best known internationally for dubbing Russia a ‘terrorist state’ comparable to ISIS, and, weirdly, she cites both Thatcher and Gandhi as her political role models.

Norway: Erna Solberg

Leader of the Norwegian Conservative Party since 2004 and Prime

Park Geun Hye | Introduction

Park Geun Hye is a prominent South Korean politician and the 11th President of the Republic of Korea. Born on February 2, 1952, in Daegu, South Korea, she comes from a political family background as the daughter of Park Chung Hee, who served as the President of South Korea from 1963 until his assassination in 1979. Growing up in a politically influential household, Park Geun Hye had a close relationship with her father, who played a crucial role in shaping her understanding of governance and leadership. She witnessed firsthand the challenges and triumphs of her father's presidency, which inevitably influenced her own political journey. Park Geun Hye received her formal education in South Korea, graduating from Sogang University with a degree in electronic engineering. Despite her engineering background, she became actively involved in politics at an early age, joining the campaign team for her father during the 1971 presidential campaign. Following her father's assassination, Park Geun Hye withdrew from the political spotlight for a brief period as she mourned his death. However, she returned to public life in 1998 when she won a seat in the National Assembly, representing the Grand National Party (currently known as the Liberty Korea Party). Throughout her political career, Park Geun Hye garnered a reputation for being a diligent and tenacious politician. She served as the chairperson of the Grand National Party from 2004 to 2006 and again from 2011 to 2012. Her leadership skills and focus on economic development played a crucial role in her rise within the party ranks. Park Geun Hye's ascent to the presidency came in 2013 when she won the presidential election with 51.6% of the popular vote. This victory made her the first woman to ever hold the office in South Korea. During her presidency, she prioritized economic growth and worked to address issues such as unemployment, welfare reforms, an

Movement learning

The fact that the South Korean protesters studied the Guatemalan case signals the rise in movement learning. By that, I mean knowledge about the operation of nonviolent action and historical uses of the technique, as well as real-time information about how people are conducting struggles in other countries. Such learning has been greatly facilitated by social media and technological tools.

As well, activists and organizers in many countries tell me that they understand they can no longer operate based on trial and error. This is especially true because they’re increasingly facing opponents who have massive resources at their disposal, including manipulation of the media, banks, and transportation systems, as well as the tools of violent repression—the police, military, and prisons. And, these opponents are constantly learning and developing better techniques to defeat social and political movements, which means that activists must also innovate in order to have a chance of winning this nonviolent arms race.

Movements are learning from each other, and that reveals another powerful insight: What we do in our small corner of the planet—whether we accept a future of oppression, violence, and injustice; or whether we choose to fight against these conditions—will affect not only our lives and our communities, but also the lives of people in places that are far away, who may be looking to us for inspiration and knowledge.