Farnaz rahnama biography templates

Introduction

More than million people have been affected, and over six million have died due to the global coronavirus disease (COVID) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (Acuti Martellucci et al., ; World Health Organization, ; Wu et al., ). SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus with a positive sense and large RNA genome, four structural proteins, 16 nonstructural proteins, and 9&#x;11 accessory proteins (Alexandersen et al., ; Malik, ). The four structural proteins are spike, envelope, membrane, and nucleocapsid proteins, with the spike glycoprotein (S protein) being particularly important as it is a prominent coronavirus vaccine target (Andersen et al., ; Choi et al., ; Du et al., ; Hu et al., ; Walls et al., ; Wrapp et al., ). SARS-CoV-2 enters cells by binding to the host cellular receptor Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) via its spike protein (Song et al., ; Zhao et al., ; Piplani et al., ; Jackson et al., ), and typically causes a lower respiratory tract infection, which can progress to severe acute respiratory syndrome and potentially multiple organ failure (Ganji et al., ; Tu et al., ; Tao et al., ; Yang et al., ). The S protein monomer, initially produced as a single polypeptide chain, is made up of a fusion peptide, two heptad repeats, an intracellular domain, an N-terminal domain, two subdomains, and a transmembrane region (Figure 1). After translation it is cleaved into S1 and S2 subunits (Li et al., ; Gui et al., ). A 25 KDa Receptor Binding Domain (RBD; residue range &#x;) within S1 interacts with the ACE2 receptor (Hoffmann et al., ; Walls et al., ). As a result, the S protein dictates SARS-COV-2&#x;s infectivity and transmissibility (Du et al., ; Yang et al., ).

1Beiranvand, Reza, Asrin Karimi, Ali Delpisheh, Kourosh Sayehmiri, Samira Soleimani, and Shahnaz Ghalavandi. "Correlation Assessment of Climate and Geographic Distribution of Tuberculosis Using Geographical Information System (GIS)."Iranian Journal of Public Health 45, no. 1 ():

2Harris, Neil, Asiyeh Salehi, Elisabeth Coyne, and Bernadette Sebar. "Life Satisfaction and its Determinants Among Young Iranian Women."Women's Health Bulletin , no. Inpress ().

3Sefiddashti, Sara Emamgholipour, Enayatollah Homaie Rad, Mohamad Arab, and Shima Bordbar. "Female Labor Supply and Fertility in Iran: A Comparison Between Developed, Semi Developed and Less Developed Regions."Iranian Journal of Public Health 45, no. 2 ():

4Rahmani, Azam, Effat Merghati-Khoei, Lida Moghaddam-Banaem, Ebrahim Hajizadeh, and Ali Montazeri. "The Viewpoints of Sexually Active Single Women About Premarital Sexual Relationships: A Qualitative Study in the Iranian Context."International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction 5, no. 1 ().

5Heidarian, Azin, Shahram Gilaninia, and M Homayounfar. "Effective factors in increased migration to Tehran and its relationship to the quality of urban services: migrants of Tehran province in the area of migration."Kuwait Chapter of the Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 5, no. 7 ():

6Nucci, Lucia, Mohammad Rahim Rahnama, and Akbar Heydari. "Analysis the Process and Priorities of Urbanization in the Mashhad city After Islamic Revolution of Iran."International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies 2, no. 4 ():

7Sheykhi, Mohammad Taghi. "Youth Ageing vs Income-expenditure Imbalance in Iran: A Sociological Appraisal of Youth Ageing and Finance."Middle East Journal of Age and Ageing 13, no. 1 ():

8Kheiri, Jamal, Ramtin Shohrat Zeinabad, and Farhad Tabatabaie. "Evaluation of Tourism Investment Priorities in Zoroastrian Villages of Yazd Province, Iran."American Journal of Rural Development 4, no. 1 ():

9Mohaghegh, Mohammad Ali,