D murray wallace biography definition

​MURRAY or MORAY, Sir ANDREW (d. 1338), of Bothwell, warden of Scotland, was the son of Sir Andrew Moray of Bothwell, the companion of Wallace, who fell at Stirling on 11 Sept, 1297 (Wyntoun, ii. 344). He is first mentioned as the leader of a serious rising (non modicus) in Moray in the late summer of 1297 (Doc. Illust. of 'Hist. of Scotland, ed. Stevenson, ii. 210). On 28 Aug. he received letters of safe-conduct to visit his father, then a prisoner in the Tower of London (ib. p. 228). In the same year he was, though still a young man, joined in command with Wallace in the Scottish advance into Northumberland (Hemingford, i. 131), and in the succeeding raids into Cumberland and Annandale. On 8 Nov. he and Wallace appear as the grantors of a charter of protection to the monastery of Hexham, which had suffered at the hands of their wild soldiery (ib. i. 135). In 1326 he married Christian, sister of Robert I, widow of (1) Gratney, earl of Mar, and (2) Sir Christopher Seton. He appears to have been in receipt of an annuity in 13291330 (Exchequer Rolls, i. 218, 287, 341). Shortly after Edward Baliol was crowned, in 1332, Moray was elected warden or regent by the Scots who adhered to the young king, David II, but he had no opportunity of attempting anything till the following year, when he attacked Baliol at Roxburgh. While endeavouring to rescue Ralph Golding he was taken, and, refusing to be the prisoner of any one but the king of England, was carried to Durham, April 1333 (Wyntoun, ii. 396; iii. 292). No sooner was he set at liberty, in 1334, than he raised armed opposition to the English. With Alexander de Mowbray he marched into Buchan, and besieged Henry de Beaumont in his castle of Dundarg, on the Moray Firth (August-November). By cutting the waterpipes he compelled his foe to surrender, but he permitted him to return to England. Moray was present at the futile parliament co

(d. 1305).

Scottish patriot. Wallace came of a middling family, retainers of the Stewarts in the neighbourhood of Paisley. In 1297 there were many prominent Scots anxious to resist Edward's ‘take‐over’ of the previous year, including Wallace's lord, James, the hereditary steward of Scotland. In May Wallace killed the English sheriff of Lanark in an affray. He was joined by Sir William Douglas in an attack on the English justiciar at Scone. Others, including Robert Bruce, earl of Carrick, the future Robert I, were also prepared to join in. This rising might easily have achieved nothing, but in May another movement had started in Moray, with an attack on Inverness led by the young Andrew Murray. By August, Murray and Wallace had joined forces and threatened Stirling. Their astute tactics at the battle of Stirling Bridge, and the ineptitude of the English commander Earl Warenne, resulted in a dramatic victory.

By early 1298 Wallace had been knighted, and emerged as sole guardian. But at Falkirk the English knights and archers were devastating. The Scots were routed and Wallace escaped into hiding.

His next task was abroad. In 1299 he led a mission to the French court to get more active support from Philip IV, and seems to have stayed in Paris for most of the next year. By 1303 Wallace was back in Scotland, again fighting in the south. By 1304, Edward had triumphed and almost all the Scottish leaders submitted on negotiated terms.

Wallace was now a fugitive. In August 1305 he was captured, and there followed a show trial on 23 August, and immediate execution for ‘treason’, of which, as he had never sworn allegiance to Edward, he could not justly be accused. From that day, Wallace has been regarded as one of the greatest heroes in Scotland's national history.

Scottish soldier and Guardian of the Realm (1298–1338)

For other people named Andrew Murray, see Andrew Murray (disambiguation).

Sir Andrew Murray (1298–1338), also known as Sir Andrew Moray, or Sir Andrew de Moray, was a Scottish military and political leader who supported King David II of Scotland against Edward Balliol and King Edward III of England during the Second War of Scottish Independence. He held the lordships of Avoch and Petty in north Scotland, and Bothwell in west-central Scotland. In 1326 he married Christina Bruce, a sister of King Robert I of Scotland. Murray was twice chosen as Guardian of Scotland, first in 1332, and again from 1335 on his return to Scotland after his release from captivity in England. He held the guardianship until his death in 1338.

Childhood

Andrew Murray was born in 1298, around Pentecost. He was the son of Andrew Moray, joint-commander with William Wallace of the Scottish army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge on 11 September 1297. Murray's father was mortally wounded in that battle, dying sometime in the late 1297 before his son's birth. The identity of Murray's mother is not known.

During his campaign of 1303 while Edward I was residing in Lochindorb Castle in the Moray uplands, he dispatched men to seize the five-year-old Andrew Murray as a hostage. The child would spend the next eleven years in English captivity, only returning home to Scotland in the autumn of 1314 in the prisoner exchanges after the Battle of Bannockburn.

Family

In July 1326 at a ceremony at Cambuskenneth Abbey, Andrew Murray married Christian Bruce, also known as Christina, sister of King Robert I, widow of Sir Christopher Seton. Some argue that Insofar as his wife may have been beyond child-bearing years at around 46 years of age, therefore it has been conjectured that his two known sons were from a previous marriage or relationship. Although her exact age or date of birth is

Date Published:
July 2005

Murray, James (1721-1794), governor of Quebec (1760-68), was born at Ballencrief, Scotland, on January 21, 1721 (old style), the fifth and youngest son of Alexander, fourth Lord Elibank, and Elizabeth Stirling. He entered the army in 1740, as a second lieutenant in Wynyard's Marines; and during the next twenty years saw much active service in both Europe and America. In 1751 he purchased the lieutenant­colonelcy of the 15th Foot; and in 1758 he commanded a brigade at the capture of Louisbourg, Cape Breton. He was one of Wolfe's brigadiers in 1759 during the siege of Quebec ; and he commanded the left wing of the British army at the battle of the Plains of Abraham. On the death of Wolfe, and the departure of the other brigadiers, he succeeded to the command of the British force in Quebec ; and though defeated at the battle of St. Foy in the spring of 1760, he retained Quebec until the arrival of reinforcements by sea. In the summer of 1760 he took part in the movements which led to the surrender of the French troops in Canada ; and in the autumn of 1760 he was appointed military governor of Quebec. He commanded the troops in this area during the period of military rule; and in 1764 he was appointed first civil governor of the province of Quebec. He distinguished himself by his opposition to the repressive measures first proposed by the British government in regard to the French Canadians; and he inaugurated the policy of conciliation of the French afterwards embodied in the Quebec Act. In doing so, he fell foul of the English mercantile element which had invaded the colony; and in 1766 he was recalled to meet the charges made against him. After full inquiry, the charges made against him by the English element were dismissed, and he continued to hold the office of governor of Quebec until 1768; but he did not retu