Femijet enver hoxha biography
Debates About the Communist Past as Personal Feuds: The Long Shadow of the Hoxha Regime in Albania
In April , a book published by the Albanian Institute for the Studies of Communist Crimes and Consequences (ISKK) about crimes committed by communist partisans during the Second World War, sparking extremely charged debates that descended into personal insults, accusations and threats. Spartak Braho, a member of parliament for the ex-communist Socialist Party (SP) denounced the work of the Institute as poisonous and accused the head of the ISKK, Agron Tufa, of blackening names of the heroes of the anti-fascist resistance, calling for his dismissal. Tufa rebutted via Facebook, accusing Braho – a judge during the communist era – of having sentenced people to death for political reasons, offering an archival document as evidence. Braho retorted by expressing amusement at the accusation and calling Tufa scum and a contract killer without evidence. The feud escalated further when other political and public figures chimed in to support Braho. Thus, one member of the SP’s “old guard” and reportedly a former member of the medical team surrounding Communist dictator Enver Hoxha, called the ISKK director a sick mind. Likewise, a former ambassador and current professor of sociology and international relations in Tirana, Fatos Tarifa insulted Tufa by calling him an ignorant peasant, threatening him with the wrath not only of his father and all other still-living partisans, but also their tens of thousands of children. Along the same lines, Agron Duka, a poet known for glorifying the communist dictator, declared war on Tufa, calling him a fascist and an Islamic fundamentalist and stating that he was now in trouble with the thousands of children and grandchildren of the people he had accused of crimes. Tufa responded to these threats by filing a defamation suit; he also maintained that Braho was responsible for crimes against humanity. In doing so, he was backed by the opp
Enver Hoxha
Ruler of Albania from to
For the Kosovar Foreign Minister, see Enver Hoxhaj.
"Hoxha" redirects here. For other people, see Hoxha (surname).
Comrade Enver Hoxha | |
|---|---|
Official portrait of Hoxha, c. | |
| In office 8 November &#;– 11 April | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Ramiz Alia |
| In office 23 October &#;– 19 July | |
| President | Omer Nishani Haxhi Lleshi |
| Deputy | Myslim Peza Koçi Xoxe Mehmet Shehu |
| Preceded by | Ibrahim Biçakçiu |
| Succeeded by | Mehmet Shehu |
| In office 22 March &#;– 23 July | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Omer Nishani |
| Succeeded by | Behar Shtylla |
| In office 23 October &#;– 31 July | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Succeeded by | Beqir Balluku |
| Born | Enver Halil Hoxha ()16 October Gjirokastër, Janina Vilayet, Ottoman Empire (modern Albania) |
| Died | 11 April () (aged&#;76) Tirana, PSR Albania |
| Resting place | People's Cemetery, Tirana, Albania 41°18′26″N19°45′43″E / °N °E / ; |
| Political party | Party of Labour of Albania |
| Spouse | |
| Relations | Hysen Hoxha (uncle), Beqir Hoxha (grandfather), Fahrije Hoxha (sister), Haxhire Hoxha (sister), Sanije Hoxha (sister), Besmir Hoxha (grandson), Ermal Hoxha (grandson), Shkelzen Hoxha (grandson) |
| Children | |
| Parent(s) | Halil Hoxha (Father), Gjylihan/Gjylo Hoxha née Çuçi (Mother) |
| Residence(s) | Blloku, Tirana |
| Alma mater | University of Montpellier Free University of Brussels |
| Awards | Hero of the People Order of Lenin Order of Skanderbeg Order of the People's Hero Order of Suvorov Hero of Socialist Labour Order of the Partisan Star Order of the Flag |
| Signature | |
| Nickname | "Iron Fist of Albania" |
| Allegiance | LANÇ (–) People's Republic of Albania (–) |
| Branch/service | LANÇ (–) Albanian People's Army (–) |
| Years&#;of service | – |
| Rank | Army General |
| Commands | LANÇ Albanian People's Army(supreme commander) |
| Battles/wars | |
Enver Halil Hoxha (;[ Stalinism, that particularly brutal phase of communism, came to an end in most of Eastern Europe with the death of Josef Stalin in or at least with the Khrushchev reforms that began in the Soviet Union in However, in one country &#; Albania &#; Stalinism survived virtually unscathed until The regime that the Albanian dictator Enver Hoxha led from the time of the communist takeover in until his death in , and that continued unabated under his successor Ramiz Alia until , was incomparably severe. Such was the reign of terror that no audible voice of opposition or dissent ever arose in the Balkan state, a European country that became as isolated from the rest of the world as North Korea is today. When the Albanian communist system finally imploded, it left behind a weary population, frightened and confused after decades of purges and political terror. It also left behind a country with a weak and fragile economy, a country where extreme poverty was the norm. In the decades since Hoxha&#;s death, Albania has made substantial progress in political and economic terms, yet the spectre of Hoxha still lingers over the country. Despite this, many people &#; inside and outside Albania &#; know little about the man who ruled the country with an iron fist for so many decades. This book provides the first biography of Enver Hoxha available in English, from his birth in GjirokastEr in southern Albania, then still under Ottoman rule, to his death in at the age of Using archival documents and first-hand interviews, Albanian journalist Blendi Fevziu pieces together the life of this tyrannical ruler, in a biography which will be essential reading for anyone interested in Balkan history and communist studies. Nexhmije Hoxha (8 shkurt – 26 shkurt) ishte një politikane komuniste shqiptare, për shumë vite ishte bashkëshortja e Enver Hoxhës, udhëheqësit të parë të Republikës Popullore Socialiste të Shqipërisë dhe Sekretarit të Parë të Partisë së Punës së Shqipërisë. Shumë afër burrit të saj, ajo u përpoq të mbetej me ndikim politik pas vdekjes së tij në Ajo ishte një nga bashkëshortet e pakta të një udhëheqësi të Partisë Komuniste në pushtet me një profil të lartë politik të saj. Nexhmije Xhuglini lindi në qytetin e Manastirit më 8 shkurt, në atë kohë në Mbretërinë Jugosllave të Maqedonisë, e bija e Tefikut dhe Naxhijes. Prindërit e saj ishin nga Dibra. Në vitin , familja e saj u shpërngul për t’u vendosur në Tiranë. Ndoqi me gjysmë burse dhe kreu Institutin Femëror Pedagogjik "Nana Mbretneshë" në kryeqytetin e shtetit shqiptar. Më 10 nëntor figuron e regjistruar në Federatën Fashiste të Tiranës me nr. Me dekretin ministror të datës 20 dhjetor të nënshkruar nga zëvendësisht ministri i Arsimit Dhimitër Berati, Xhuglini u emërua mësuese filloreje në Tiranë. Si mësuese u pezullua më 1 dhjetor , ndërsa dekreti i pushimit nga puna doli më 27 mars . Pas çlirimit të vendit vazhdoi me korrespodencë studimet e larta në Fakultetin Histori-Filologji, dega Gjuhë-Letërsi. Ka marrë pjesë në mbledhjen themeluese të Rinisë Komuniste të Shqipërisë, nëntor të vitit Gjatë luftës mori pjesë si delegate në të gjitha konferencat kombëtare si atë të Pezës, Labinotit dhe Përmetit. Pas çlirimit të vendit, ajo kishte kryer funksione të larta partie dhe shoqërore. Në Kongresin e Parë të PKSH-së u zgjodh anëtare e Komitetit Qendror. Për një kohë kishte qenë edhe presidente e Bashkimit të Grave Antifashiste të Shqipërisë. Gjithashtu, ishte përfaqësuese e popullit në Kuvendin Popullor në të gjitha legjislaturat. Ka qenë drejtore e Drejtorisë së Propagandës, Arsim-Kulturës në KQ të PPSH-së. Nga viti e në va
Enver Hoxha: The Iron Fist Of Albania
Nexhmije Hoxha
Jeta
[Redakto | Redakto nëpërmjet kodit]