History and biography of jose rizal

Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath (1861–1896)

"Laong Laan" redirects here. For the railway station, see Laon Laan station.

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Mercado and the second or maternal family name is Realonda.

José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (Spanish:[xoˈseriˈsal,-ˈθal], Tagalog:[hoˈseɾiˈsal]; June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered a national hero (pambansang bayani) of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain.

He was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after the Philippine Revolution broke out; the revolution was inspired by his writings. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals, which eventually resulted in Philippine independence.

Rizal is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines and has been recommended to be so honored by an officially empaneled National Heroes Commi

Life of Jose Rizal

T. Gomez

One of the most important historical events in the history of the Philippines is the life of a national hero who greatly influenced many Filipinos and had significant contributions in the development of Filipino nation. He is none other than, Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado. The pride of the Malayan race was born on June 19, 1861, in the town of Calamba, Laguna. They used to call him “Pepe” as his nickname and he belonged to a big family of thirteen members including his parents. Rizal’s father, Francisco Mercado Rizal was a diligent and hard-working farmer whom Rizal called “a model of fathers.” His father’s hometown was in Biñan, Laguna. While his mother, Teodora Alonzo y Quintos was a very successful woman whom Rizal called “loving and prudent mother.” His mother’s hometown was in Meisic, Sta. Cruz, Manila. Rizal’s parents were both carreer-oriented persons, wealthy land owners, and they belonged to a recognized family. Rizal was the seventh child among his nine siblings, namely: Saturnina Rizal, eldest child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage, Paciano Rizal, only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child,Narcisa Rizal, the third child, Olympia Rizal, the fourth child, Lucia Rizal, the fifth child, Maria Rizal, the sixth child, Concepcion Rizal, the eight child who died at the age of three, Josefa Rizal, the ninth child whose an epileptic, Trinidad Rizal, the tenth child who was the last of the family to dieand Soledad Rizal, the youngest child.

During his early childhood, Rizal showed dominant disposition in different areas as intellectual, creative, artistic and excelled in his academic fields. At an early age of three, he started to learn alphabet and prayers. When he reached the age of five, he learned how to read and write. At the age of eight, he wrote his first poem which was written in Tagalog. It was entitled, “Sa AkingMgaKababata.” The poem has a meaningful message wh

(1861-1896)

Who Was José Rizal?

While living in Europe, José Rizal wrote about the discrimination that accompanied Spain's colonial rule of his country. He returned to the Philippines in 1892 but was exiled due to his desire for reform. Although he supported peaceful change, Rizal was convicted of sedition and executed on December 30, 1896, at age 35.

Early Life

On June 19, 1861, José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was born in Calamba in the Philippines' Laguna Province. A brilliant student who became proficient in multiple languages, José Rizal studied medicine in Manila. In 1882, he traveled to Spain to complete his medical degree.

Writing and Reform

While in Europe, José Rizal became part of the Propaganda Movement, connecting with other Filipinos who wanted reform. He also wrote his first novel, Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not/The Social Cancer), a work that detailed the dark aspects of Spain's colonial rule in the Philippines, with particular focus on the role of Catholic friars. The book was banned in the Philippines, though copies were smuggled in. Because of this novel, Rizal's return to the Philippines in 1887 was cut short when he was targeted by police.

Rizal returned to Europe and continued to write, releasing his follow-up novel, El Filibusterismo (The Reign of Greed) in 1891. He also published articles in La Solidaridad, a paper aligned with the Propaganda Movement. The reforms Rizal advocated for did not include independence—he called for equal treatment of Filipinos, limiting the power of Spanish friars and representation for the Philippines in the Spanish Cortes (Spain's parliament).

Exile in the Philippines

Rizal returned to the Philippines in 1892, feeling he needed to be in the country to effect change. Although the reform society he founded, the Liga Filipino (Philippine League), supported non-violent action, Rizal was still exiled to Dapitan, on the island of Mindanao. During the four years Rizal wa

José Rizal (June 19, 1861–December 30, 1896) was a man of intellectual power and artistic talent whom Filipinos honor as their national hero. He excelled at anything that he put his mind to: medicine, poetry, sketching, architecture, sociology, and more. Despite little evidence, he was martyred by Spanish colonial authorities on charges of conspiracy, sedition, and rebellion when he was only 35.

Early Life

José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was born on June 19, 1861, at Calamba, Laguna, the seventh child of Francisco Rizal Mercado and Teodora Alonzo y Quintos. The family were wealthy farmers who rented land from the Dominican religious order. Descendants of a Chinese immigrant named Domingo Lam-co, they changed their name to Mercado ("market") under the pressure of anti-Chinese feeling among the Spanish colonizers.

From an early age, Rizal showed a precocious intellect. He learned the alphabet from his mother at the age of 3 and could read and write at age 5.

Education

Rizal attended the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, graduat